{"id":224,"date":"2020-04-23T10:29:46","date_gmt":"2020-04-23T10:29:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/?p=224"},"modified":"2020-09-16T14:26:48","modified_gmt":"2020-09-16T14:26:48","slug":"the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14\/","title":{"rendered":"The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Amendment Act, 2019 &#038; Article 14"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Rohit Pradhan | 6th October 2019<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_47_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-6a224551cf603\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6a224551cf603\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14\/#Article_14_and_UAP_Amendment_2019\" title=\"Article 14 and UA(P) Amendment 2019\">Article 14 and UA(P) Amendment 2019<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14\/#Primary_Changes_it_brought\" title=\"Primary Changes it brought\">Primary Changes it brought<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14\/#Choosing_appropriate_Test_to_check_if_it_violates_Article_14\" title=\"Choosing appropriate Test to check if it violates Article 14\">Choosing appropriate Test to check if it violates Article 14<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14\/#Whether_Central_Government%E2%80%99s_power_to_designate_any_individual_as_a_terrorist_is_arbitrary\" title=\"Whether Central Government\u2019s power to\ndesignate any individual as a terrorist is arbitrary?\">Whether Central Government\u2019s power to\ndesignate any individual as a terrorist is arbitrary?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14\/#1_The_Appeal_Process\" title=\"1. The Appeal Process\">1. The Appeal Process<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14\/#2_Importance_of_a_reasonable_law\" title=\"2. Importance of a reasonable law\">2. Importance of a reasonable law<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14\/#3_Presumption_of_innocence_until_proven_guilty\" title=\"3. Presumption of innocence until proven guilty\">3. Presumption of innocence until proven guilty<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14\/#Whether_NIA%E2%80%99s_power_to_investigate_and_seize_property_with_permission_from_Director_General_of_NIA_is_arbitrary\" title=\"Whether NIA\u2019s power to investigate and seize property with permission from\nDirector General of NIA is arbitrary?\">Whether NIA\u2019s power to investigate and seize property with permission from\nDirector General of NIA is arbitrary?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14\/#1_Importance_of_guidance_as_to_exercise_of_discretion\" title=\"1. Importance of guidance as to exercise of discretion\">1. Importance of guidance as to exercise of discretion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Article_14_and_UAP_Amendment_2019\"><\/span>Article 14 and UA(P) Amendment 2019<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Art.14 of the Constitution guarantees\nRight to Equality to every citizen of India<a href=\"#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>\nwhich prohibits unreasonable discrimination between persons and arbitrariness.<a href=\"#_ftn2\">[2]<\/a>Art.\n14 prohibits discriminatory laws whether they are substantive or procedural.<a href=\"#_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Therefore, UA(P)A, 1967 has to be in\ncoherence with \u00a0Art. 14. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Primary_Changes_it_brought\"><\/span>Primary Changes it brought<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Central Government can now designate individuals\nas terrorists, similar to the procedure in force for terrorist organizations,\nif the person commits or participates in acts of terrorism, cyber terrorism,\nprepares for terrorism, promotes terrorism or is otherwise involved in\nterrorism.<\/li><li>Providing the National Investigation Agency\npower to investigate and seize property with mere permission from Director\nGeneral of National Investigation Agency, vide the Unlawful Activities\n(Prevention) Amendment Act, 2019.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Choosing_appropriate_Test_to_check_if_it_violates_Article_14\"><\/span>Choosing appropriate Test to check if it violates Article 14<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to\ntest if a Statute or Act is violative of Art.14 Courts use the test of\nReasonable Classification<a href=\"#_ftn4\">[4]<\/a>. The Supreme Court in <strong><em>Lachman\nDas<\/em> v. <em>the State of Punjab<\/em><\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn5\">[5]<\/a><em>,<\/em> expressed the opinion that over-emphasis on the\nDoctrine of Classification deprives the Art. of its glorious content. Supreme\nCourt<a href=\"#_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> later reiterated it saying that if the Act is arbitrary it will\nbe violative to Art. 14.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the case\nof <strong><em>E.P.\nRoyappa v. State of Tamil Nadu<\/em><\/strong><em>,<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn7\">[7]<\/a>the Court instead of relying on test of\nReasonable Classification, opted for the test of Arbitrariness and held that, where an Act is arbitrary, it is implicit that it is\nunequal both according to political logic and Constitutional law and is\ntherefore, violative of Art. 14. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Whether_Central_Government%E2%80%99s_power_to_designate_any_individual_as_a_terrorist_is_arbitrary\"><\/span>Whether Central Government\u2019s power to\ndesignate any individual as a terrorist is arbitrary?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00a0The UA(P) Amendment\nAct, 2019 seeks to designate an individual as a terrorist, but does not define\nthe word \u2018terrorist\u2019. What is even more troubling is the lack of clarity over\nwhat happens to an individual who is declared to be a terrorist. Even in the\ninstance of UN, it designates an individual as a terrorist and puts various\nsanctions upon him\/her<a href=\"#_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> including \u2018travel ban.\u2019<a href=\"#_ftn9\">[9]<\/a>\nThe current Amendment does not state very clearly about the consequences after\nsomeone is enlisted in Schedule IV. Further, it has to be noted that one cannot\nbe penalized for merely belonging to an unlawful organization<a href=\"#_ftn10\">[10]<\/a>\nbut the said Act penalizes an individual for merely being a member of a banned\noutfit. Just because they are connected to the crime syndicate, it doesn\u2019t mean\nthey can be arbitrarily designated as terrorist. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_The_Appeal_Process\"><\/span>1. The Appeal Process<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Central\nGovernment is the only entity that is empowered to notify or de-notify an\nindividual as a terrorist.<a href=\"#_ftn11\">[11]<\/a>\nLater, if the accused files an application,<a href=\"#_ftn12\">[12]<\/a>\nthe procedure for such application and the decision-making will be decided by\nthe Central Government itself. Although, the Amendment gives the right to seek\nreview within a month if the application gets rejected, the procedure for the\nreview is not justifiable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The only\navenue for appeal is a three-member review committee<a href=\"#_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> which is headed by a sitting or\nretired judge of a High Court and consists of two other members whose\nqualifications are not defined. Even though it is headed by a judicial member,\nthere is no legal guarantee of a due process as all members of the committee\nare appointed by the Central Government. It is settled that, \u201c<em>if power conferred by statute on any\nauthority of the state is \u2018vagrant and unconfined\u2019, and no standards or\nprinciples are laid down by the statute to guide and control the exercise of\nsuch power, the statute would be violative of the equality clause, because it\nwould permit arbitrary exercise of power, which is the anti-thesis of equality\nbefore law.\u201d<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn14\">[14]<\/a><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Importance_of_a_reasonable_law\"><\/span>2. Importance of a reasonable law<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, if a\nstatute directs its provisions against one or several individuals and if no\nreasonable basis of classification appears <em>prima\nfacie<\/em> or could be deduced from the surrounding circumstances and common\nknowledge, the Court will strike down the law as an instance of discrimination,\nas in the case of <strong><em>Ameerunnissa\nbegum v. Mahboob begum<\/em><\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn15\">[15]<\/a>. In this case, the Court held that if the statute is directed towards\none or several individuals without any reasonability in classification, then\nsuch laws will be struck down by the Court. In the present case, the Amendment\nin conflict is directed towards any individual.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Presumption_of_innocence_until_proven_guilty\"><\/span>3. Presumption of innocence until proven guilty<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>The present\nStatute labels an individual as a terrorist even though the government has\nneither the adjudicatory power<a href=\"#_ftn16\">[16]<\/a>\nnor any reasonable basis of classification to come to a conclusion like this.<a href=\"#_ftn17\">[17]<\/a>\nWithout any adjudicatory power, the power of labelling any individual as a\nterrorist is void and liable to be struck down.<a href=\"#_ftn18\">[18]<\/a>\u00a0 This discretion of government is against the\n\u2018notion of the presumption of innocence until proven guilty\u2019<a href=\"#_ftn19\">[19]<\/a>. Since, labelling someone terrorist\nbefore trial clearly imposes a person with guilt, it is against the very notion\nwhich is the basis of criminal adjudication. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Whether_NIA%E2%80%99s_power_to_investigate_and_seize_property_with_permission_from_Director_General_of_NIA_is_arbitrary\"><\/span>Whether NIA\u2019s power to investigate and seize property with permission from\nDirector General of NIA is arbitrary?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Earlier, NIA\nhad to take permission from Director General of Police for investigation and\nseizure of properties under the UA(P)A Act.<a href=\"#_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> Each state has a Director General of\nPolice, which is the highest rank of a police body.<a href=\"#_ftn21\">[21]<\/a>\nThis body is constitutionally responsible for the \u201cPublic Order\u201d in their\nrespective state under Entry I and II of the State List of Schedule VII of the\nConstitution.<a href=\"#_ftn22\">[22]<\/a>\nBut after the Amendment of 2019, NIA is now taking permission for investigation\nand seizure of property from the Director-General of NIA. NIA has been given\nunlimited power of discretion and decision-making power. This gives them wide\npowers to investigate upon whomsoever they believe to be a terrorist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Importance_of_guidance_as_to_exercise_of_discretion\"><\/span>1. Importance of guidance as to exercise of discretion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00a0Madras High Court in the case of the <strong><em>State of Madras v. Sri Vanamamalai\nMutt Nanguneri<\/em><\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn23\">[23]<\/a>, held that the Court will strike down the statute if it does not lay\ndown any principle or policy for guiding the exercise of discretion by the\nGovernment in the matter of selection or classification, on the ground that the\nstatute is\u00a0arbitrary.<a href=\"#_ftn24\">[24]<\/a>\nAbsolute and uncontrolled power is anathema under Constitution order.<a href=\"#_ftn25\">[25]<\/a>\nIf an uncontrolled\u00a0power is given\u00a0to\nthe Government to discriminate between persons or things similarly situated,\nthen the discrimination is inherent in the statute itself.<a href=\"#_ftn26\">[26]<\/a>\nIn such a case the Court will strike down both the law as well as the executive\naction taken under such law.<a href=\"#_ftn27\">[27]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Similarly, in\nthe present case, there is no such principle laid down as to when and how\npermission to investigate and seizure of a person or a property will be\nconducted. The powers are uncontrolled, as earlier, State Police used to check\nupon the NIA, but now, such checks have been obliterated. NIA has the absolute\npower with no other body or authority to review its decisions.<a href=\"#_ftn28\">[28]<\/a>\nAlso, NIA being an executive agency does not have adjudicatory powers<a href=\"#_ftn29\">[29]<\/a>\nand so, it uses its arbitrary rationale to designate a person as terrorist.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>Shayara Bano v. Union of India and Ors. LNIND 2017 SC 415<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>Tarjinder Kumar Son of Late Shri\nTikaya Ram and Ors. v. The State of Punjab and Anr., 2011 SCC OnLine P&#038;H 232, See\nalso, Air India v. NergeshMeerza and Ors., AIR 1981 SC 1829 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>Virendra Krishna\nMishra v. Union of India, (2015) 2 SCC 712<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>The State Of West\nBengal v. Anwar All Sarkarhabib 1952 AIR 75<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>Lachhman Das on behalf of Firmtilak\nRam Ram v. State of Punjab and others, 1963 AIR 222<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>AjaiHasia\u00a0v.\u00a0Khalid\nMujib,\n(1981) 1 SCC 722.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>E.P. Royappa v. State of Tamil Nadu,\n(1974) 4 SCC 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a> KATHARINA.KIENER-MANU, Counter-Terrorism\nModule 1 Key Issues: UN Designated Terrorist Groups, \/\/www.unodc.org (last\nvisited Aug 12, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a>Masood Azhar, Hafiz Saeed, Lakhvi,\nDawood Ibrahim declared terrorists under new anti-terror law &#8211; The Hindu, ,https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/masood-azhar-hafiz-saeed-dawood-ibrahim-declared-terrorists-under-new-anti-terror-law\/article29330657.ece\n(last visited Sep 4, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a>State of Kerala v.\nRaneef,\u00a0AIR\n2011 SC 340, ChhatradharMahato and Ors. v. The State of West Bengal,\nMANU\/WB\/2089\/2019; Asim Shariff v. State, MANU\/KA\/5669\/2019; Asim\nShariff v. National Investigation Agency, Bengaluru, MANU\/KA\/6226\/2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act,\n1967, \u00a7 36<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a>Id. At (3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a>The Unlawful Activities\n(Prevention) Act, 1967, \u00a7 37.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a>Naraindas v. State of Madhya Pradesh, AIR 1974 SC 1232.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a> Ameerunnissa begum v. Mahboob begum, 1953 AIR 91; See also, Ramprasad narain sahi v. The state of Bihar,\n1953 AIR 215<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a>Prabhakar v. Joint Director,\nSericulture Department and Anr. LNIND 2015 SC 795. See also, Dharanvur v. State National Capital\nTerriroty of Delhi, NIND 2000 DEL 469; Rajesh WaliaSant Ram, v. State of\nHimachal Pradhesh and Ors, LNIND 2014 HP 3345; New Delhi General Mazdoor\nUnion V. Government of Delhi and Others, (2000) 2 LLJ 1191<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a>RoopchandAdhlakha and Ors v. Delhi\nDevelopment Authority and Ors., AIR 1989 SC 307, See also, A. Vijaya Sekaran v. The Secretary of\nGovernment, Home Dept. and Ors., LNIND 2019 MAD 6238.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\">[18]<\/a>Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\">[19]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/advance.lexis.com\/api\/document\/collection\/cases-in\/id\/5VF0-XJ31-JBDT-B0PM-00000-00?cite=STATEOFHIMACHALPRADESHVERSUSMOOLCHANDLNIND2018HP1066&#038;context=1523890\">State of\nHimachal Pradesh v. Mool Chand LNIND 2018 HP 1066<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\">[20]<\/a> The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act,\n1967, \u00a7 25 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\">[21]<\/a>Police Ranks and Badges | Odisha\nPolice, , https:\/\/odishapolice.gov.in\/?q=node\/199 (last visited Sep 2,\n2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\">[22]<\/a>Constitution\nof Vikas, Schedule VII, List II Entry I, Entry II.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\">[23]<\/a>State of Madras v. Sri Vanamamalai\nMutt Nanguneri, (1969) 2 MLJ 324<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\">[24]<\/a>BhudanChaoudhary v. State of Bihar, AIR 1955 SC 191<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\">[25]<\/a>Baldev Raj Chadda v. Union of India\nand Ors., AIR 1981 SC\n70; See also, In Re C.N. Annadurai and Ors., (1958) 2 MLJ 363<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\">[26]<\/a>KunnathatThatehunniMoopil Nair v.\nState of Kerela and Anr., AIR 1961 SC 552<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\">[27]<\/a>Shri Ram Krishna Dalmia and Ors. v.\nShri Justice S R Tendolkar and Ors., [1959] 1 SCR 279<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\">[28]<\/a>I.T.O. v. Mohd. Kunhl, AIR 1969 SC 430<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\">[29]<\/a>VishwasraoChudaman Patil v. Lok\nAyukta, State of Maharashtra, LNIND 1984 Bom 320<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rohit Pradhan | 6th October 2019 Article 14 and UA(P) Amendment 2019 Art.14 of the Constitution guarantees Right to Equality to every citizen of India[1] which prohibits unreasonable discrimination between persons and arbitrariness.[2]Art. 14 prohibits discriminatory laws whether they are substantive or procedural.[3] Therefore, UA(P)A, 1967 has to be in coherence with \u00a0Art. 14. Primary [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":102,"featured_media":225,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[101,34],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Amendment Act, 2019 &amp; Article 14 - LexForti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/the-unlawful-activities-prevention-amendment-act-2019-article-14\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Amendment Act, 2019 &amp; Article 14 - LexForti\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rohit Pradhan | 6th October 2019 Article 14 and UA(P) Amendment 2019 Art.14 of the Constitution guarantees Right to Equality to every citizen of India[1] which prohibits unreasonable discrimination between persons and arbitrariness.[2]Art. 14 prohibits discriminatory laws whether they are substantive or procedural.[3] Therefore, UA(P)A, 1967 has to be in coherence with \u00a0Art. 14. 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