{"id":490,"date":"2020-04-23T10:29:55","date_gmt":"2020-04-23T10:29:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/?p=490"},"modified":"2021-01-17T11:49:03","modified_gmt":"2021-01-17T11:49:03","slug":"substantive-rights-of-parties-should-be-affected-in-case-of-appeal-under-maharashtra-rent-control-act-1999","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/substantive-rights-of-parties-should-be-affected-in-case-of-appeal-under-maharashtra-rent-control-act-1999\/","title":{"rendered":"SUBSTANTIVE RIGHTS OF PARTIES SHOULD BE AFFECTED IN CASE OF APPEAL UNDER MAHARASHTRA RENT CONTROL ACT, 1999"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ronita Biswas | National Law University, Orissa | 11th January 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_47_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-6a22452a78a02\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6a22452a78a02\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/substantive-rights-of-parties-should-be-affected-in-case-of-appeal-under-maharashtra-rent-control-act-1999\/#Jasraj_Lalaji_Oswal_v_Raziya_Mehboob_Patel_Writ_Petition_No_4294_of_2018\" title=\"Jasraj Lalaji Oswal v. Raziya Mehboob Patel (Writ Petition No. 4294 of 2018)\">Jasraj Lalaji Oswal v. Raziya Mehboob Patel (Writ Petition No. 4294 of 2018)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/substantive-rights-of-parties-should-be-affected-in-case-of-appeal-under-maharashtra-rent-control-act-1999\/#Facts\" title=\"Facts\">Facts<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/substantive-rights-of-parties-should-be-affected-in-case-of-appeal-under-maharashtra-rent-control-act-1999\/#Appeal_before_HC\" title=\"Appeal before HC\">Appeal before HC<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/substantive-rights-of-parties-should-be-affected-in-case-of-appeal-under-maharashtra-rent-control-act-1999\/#Respondent%E2%80%99s_contention\" title=\"Respondent\u2019s contention\">Respondent\u2019s contention<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/substantive-rights-of-parties-should-be-affected-in-case-of-appeal-under-maharashtra-rent-control-act-1999\/#Petitioner%E2%80%99s_contention\" title=\"Petitioner\u2019s contention\">Petitioner\u2019s contention<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/substantive-rights-of-parties-should-be-affected-in-case-of-appeal-under-maharashtra-rent-control-act-1999\/#Amicus_Curiae%E2%80%99s_View\" title=\"Amicus Curiae\u2019s View\">Amicus Curiae\u2019s View<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/substantive-rights-of-parties-should-be-affected-in-case-of-appeal-under-maharashtra-rent-control-act-1999\/#Issues_raised\" title=\"Issues raised\">Issues raised<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/substantive-rights-of-parties-should-be-affected-in-case-of-appeal-under-maharashtra-rent-control-act-1999\/#Held\" title=\"Held\">Held<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jasraj_Lalaji_Oswal_v_Raziya_Mehboob_Patel_Writ_Petition_No_4294_of_2018\"><\/span>Jasraj Lalaji Oswal v. Raziya Mehboob Patel (Writ Petition No. 4294 of 2018)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Facts\"><\/span>Facts<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In this case, the petitioner is the defendant and the respondents are the plaintiffs. The plaintiffs (landlords) had filed a civil suit to get the petitioner (tenant) evicted. Hefiled it on two grounds: unauthorised construction and bona fide requirement. There, the defendant applied Order 7 Rule 11 of Code of Civil Procedure (hereinafter referred as CPC) to have the plaint rejected. The petitioner had maintained that the plaint reveals no cause of action; hence, the same should be dismissed under Order 7 Rule 11(a) of CPC. The Trial Court dismissed the petitioner. Aggrieved, the landlord filed an appeal. The landlord applied for amendment and secured it. In the light of the said amendment and other factors, the appellate court set aside the trial court\u2019s judgement and remanded the matter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Appeal_before_HC\"><\/span>Appeal before HC<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Instead of pursuing the remanded suit, the landlord withdrew it and filed fresh suit.\u00a0\u00a0The landlord claimed he pleaded for a different cause of action in the second suit. The defendant applied Order 7 Rule 11 of CPC requiring the Trial Court to dismiss the suit for lack of cause of action. The Trial Court refused. Since the tenant\u2019s application was dismissed and the suit had survived the scare of summary dismissal, the tenant had filed revision under Art. 227 of the Constitution of India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Respondent%E2%80%99s_contention\"><\/span>Respondent\u2019s contention<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Before the petitioner could place his arguments, the respondents contended that the WP was not maintainable under Art. 227. If ever, it ought to have been filed under s. 115 of CPC since it is the only recourse available. To support his contention, he had relied on a Division Bench judgement of Gajanan v. Mohd. Jamil Mohd. Amad (2017 1 Mh. LJ 660).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Petitioner%E2%80%99s_contention\"><\/span>Petitioner\u2019s contention<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The Petitioner submitted that the present writ petition presents exceptional circumstances, mixed adjudication. Had it been an exclusive application under Order 7 Rule 11, the petitioner would have remedy under s. 115 of CPC, but not under the present circumstances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Petitioner contended that he only wanted a partial rejection of the plaint (confined to bonafide requirements), the rest remaining untouched. Since it is composite adjudication, the only recourse for the petitioner is to invoke the Court\u2019s supervisory jurisdiction under Order 227 of the Constitution of India (hereinafter referred as Constitution).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Amicus_Curiae%E2%80%99s_View\"><\/span>Amicus Curiae\u2019s View<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the Amicus Curiae, the revision lies to the Division Bench of the Small Cause Court. He relied on the judgement of Bhartiben Shah v. Smt. Gracy Thomas (2012 2 All MR 9 FB).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Issues_raised\"><\/span>Issues raised<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Whether Gajanan was applicable in the present case as an appropriate precedent?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Court looked into the facts of the case to decide its applicability in the present circumstances. There, the adjudication took place under the Provincial Small Cause Court Act (hereinafter referred as PSCC Act). The Court passed an order under s. 26A of the Act. A question arose whether the aggrieved party should file a revision under Art 227 of Constitution or a revision application under s. 115 of CPC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Court observed that in the Gajanan case, the Division Bench had exclusively dealt with the PSCC Act and had not considered the Maharashtra Rent Control Act, 1999 (hereinafter referred as MRC Act). IN the instead case, the Court has not acted under the PSCC Act; instead it had acted under the Rent Control Act. Hence, the Small Cause Court started adjudicating as a rent controller. Hence, Gajanan did not address the present dispute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Is there an overlapping jurisdiction of PSCC, 1887 &#038; MRC Act, 1999?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Small Cause Court had been acting as a Rent Controller. Item (7) and (8) of the Second Schedule to the PSCC Act conferred jurisdiction to entertain suits relating to rent. S. 33 of the MRC Act conferred jurisdiction on the Small Cause Court, which otherwise does not have any. Though the Small Cause Court has pecuniary jurisdiction, the MRC Act lifts them all and s. 33 also emphasises that the proceedings before the Small Cause Court would not have been maintainable but for this provision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How far the CPC applies?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Under the PSCC Act, 1872 s. 17 mandates the procedure prescribed under CPC should be followed, in all suits cognizable by it and in all proceedings arising out of such suits. On the contrary the MRC Act has no reference to the CPC on the procedural front. The s. 37 of the Act declared that the prescribed procedure should be followed, referring to the very statute and the rules under it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Procedurally which Act applies: CPC, the PSCC Act, or the MRC Act?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here, the Court referred to the Full Bench judgment of Bhartiben Shah. Interpreting the expression \u2018order\u2019 in s.34(4) of the Rent Act, Bhartiben Shah had elaborated on \u201corders affecting substantive rights\u201d of the parties and \u201corders procedural in nature\u201d, which do not affect the parties\u2019 rights. Then, Bhartiben Shah had adopted a purposive interpretation of the provisions in the Rent Act. The provision exhorts the courts \u201cto endeavour\u201d for disposing of the cases\u201d \u201cas far as may be practicable\u201d, within twelve months from the date the summons is served. This indicated the legislative intent of expeditious hearing and disposal of a suit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bhartiben Shah observed that if the word &#8220;order&#8221; is interpreted liberally to include procedural orders, which do not decide the parties\u2019 rights and liabilities, such wide interpretation results in delay and expense, causing immense hardship to one party, or the other, or both. So it has held that revisions under the Rent Acts would be maintainable only against those orders that affect the substantive rights or liabilities of parties, that is, the rights or liabilities under the Rent Act or any other substantive law, but not under a procedural law.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, Bhartiben Shah held that for an order to be revisable under section 34(4) of the MRC Act, it must affect the very existence of the suit or the foundation of the party&#8217;s case in their pleadings and not merely a procedural order.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Held\"><\/span>Held<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The Court held that had the defendant\u2019s application been allowed, it would have resulted in the rejection of the plaint and the dismissal of the suit. Thus, it would have affected the parties\u2019 rights. Hence, we cannot say an application under Order 7, Rule 11 of CPC, even if dismissed, is a mere procedural step. The application decided either way, it substantially affects the parties\u2019 rights one way or the other. So it is eminently revisable. And that revision must be under Section 34 (4) of the MRC Act. The Court held that the revision was maintainable only under Section 34 (4) of the MRC Act, 1999.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ronita Biswas | National Law University, Orissa | 11th January 2020 Jasraj Lalaji Oswal v. Raziya Mehboob Patel (Writ Petition No. 4294 of 2018) Facts In this case, the petitioner is the defendant and the respondents are the plaintiffs. The plaintiffs (landlords) had filed a civil suit to get the petitioner (tenant) evicted. Hefiled it [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":456,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[28],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>SUBSTANTIVE RIGHTS OF PARTIES SHOULD BE AFFECTED IN CASE OF APPEAL UNDER MAHARASHTRA RENT CONTROL ACT, 1999 - LexForti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/substantive-rights-of-parties-should-be-affected-in-case-of-appeal-under-maharashtra-rent-control-act-1999\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SUBSTANTIVE RIGHTS OF PARTIES SHOULD BE AFFECTED IN CASE OF APPEAL UNDER MAHARASHTRA RENT CONTROL ACT, 1999 - LexForti\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ronita Biswas | National Law University, Orissa | 11th January 2020 Jasraj Lalaji Oswal v. 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Raziya Mehboob Patel (Writ Petition No. 4294 of 2018) Facts In this case, the petitioner is the defendant and the respondents are the plaintiffs. The plaintiffs (landlords) had filed a civil suit to get the petitioner (tenant) evicted. 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