{"id":9390,"date":"2021-04-29T09:40:01","date_gmt":"2021-04-29T09:40:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/?p=9390"},"modified":"2021-04-29T09:40:21","modified_gmt":"2021-04-29T09:40:21","slug":"explained-dpsp-directive-principles-of-state-policy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/explained-dpsp-directive-principles-of-state-policy\/","title":{"rendered":"Explained: DPSP | Directive Principles of State Policy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>The author has explained the meaning of Directive Principles of State Policy, often termed as DPSP. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_47_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-6a2245e464cc8\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6a2245e464cc8\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/explained-dpsp-directive-principles-of-state-policy\/#Introduction\" title=\"Introduction\">Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/explained-dpsp-directive-principles-of-state-policy\/#DPSP_and_the_Constitution\" title=\"DPSP and the Constitution\">DPSP and the Constitution<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/explained-dpsp-directive-principles-of-state-policy\/#Fundamental_Rights_DPSP_and_Fundamental_Duties\" title=\"Fundamental Rights, DPSP, and Fundamental Duties\">Fundamental Rights, DPSP, and Fundamental Duties<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/explained-dpsp-directive-principles-of-state-policy\/#Enforceability_of_DPSP\" title=\"Enforceability of DPSP\">Enforceability of DPSP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/explained-dpsp-directive-principles-of-state-policy\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Constitution of India provided certain guidelines for the State to follow to protect its citizens. It mentions the responsibility of the State to its citizens and that is called as Directive Principles of State Policy (Hereinafter \u201cDPSP\u201d). Part IV of the Constitution constitutes the DPSP. The aim of this part is to guarantee social, economic, and political justice. This DPSP shall help in achieving the Welfare State.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DPSP_and_the_Constitution\"><\/span>DPSP and the Constitution<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Part IV of the Constitution consists of 15 DPSP. This begins from <a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/784506\/\">Article 36<\/a> to <a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/854952\/\">Article 51<\/a> of the Constitution. The Government of India before framing any laws or policies shall keep these articles in mind. This part of the Constitution consists of the obligations that a State must carry on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The Preamble of the Constitution explicitly states that it shall secure justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity to all of its citizens. The only way to achieve this aim of the Constitution is through DPSP. That is why some scholars consider DPSP as the kernel of the Constitution. Further, it is a well-known fact that India aims to adopt the ideal of the welfare state. DPSP is the means to achieve the same.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fundamental_Rights_DPSP_and_Fundamental_Duties\"><\/span>Fundamental Rights, DPSP, and Fundamental Duties<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The Constitution of India not only imposes obligations on the State but also provides rights and duties for its citizens. And such rights and duties are known as Fundamental rights and fundamental duties. The former is enshrined in Part III of the Constitution and the latter is in Part IV A of the Constitution. The relationship between these three can be explained through judicial precedents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol type=\"1\"><li>It has to be noted that when the actions of the legislative and executive violate the Fundamental Rights of the Constitution, then the same action shall be declared void. For example, when the legislature passes a <a href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/making-laws-for-specific-categories-does-not-violate-article-14\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">law and it violates Article 14<\/a>, 19, and 21 of the Constitution, then it shall be declared unconstitutional. However, an exception to this rule was affirmed in I.C. Golak Nath &amp; Ors. v. State of Punjab &amp; Anr.. The Court held that if the law framed is in line with the DPSP and it violates the above-mentioned articles, then the same law will and shall not be declared unconstitutional only based on those grounds.<\/li><li>Golak Nath\u2019s case was overruled in the case of Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala &amp; Anr. In this case, the court held that fundamental rights and DPSP are meant to supplement one another.<\/li><li>In State of Kerala v. N. M. Thomas, the court held that Constitution should be read in harmony with the DPSP.<\/li><li>In the case of <a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/57675307\/\">Javed v. State of Haryana<\/a>, the Supreme Court held that Fundamental rights should be read along with the Chapter on Directive Principles of State Policy and the Fundamental Duties.<\/li><li>In <a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/1219385\/\">Ashok Kumar Thakur v. UOI<\/a>, the court held that Fundamental Rights represent civil and political rights and DPSP\u2019s represent social and economic rights. And DPSP\u2019s are not subordinate even though they are non-justiciable by the <a href=\"https:\/\/lexforti.com\/legal-news\/judicial-process-should-not-be-an-instrument-of-oppression-or-needless-harassment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Judicial process.<\/a><\/li><li>In <a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/88343328\/\">N.K. Bajpai v. Union of India<\/a>, the court advised examining the constitutional aspects of fundamental rights, DPSP, and fundamental duties while interpreting any provisions.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>There are various other cases in India that mention the relationship between fundamental rights, DPSP, and fundamental duties. All of these cases emphasize the fact that neither of the supreme to each other but complementary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Enforceability_of_DPSP\"><\/span>Enforceability of DPSP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The enforceability of DPSP is a major question in citizen\u2019s minds. The answer to that is no. DPSP is not enforceable as it is a moral obligation upon the State and not a legal obligation.&nbsp; The State is not legally liable if they don\u2019t follow DPSP. The same goes for fundamental duties. However, fundamental rights are enforceable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/76375\/\">Article 37<\/a> of the Constitution explicitly states that Part IV of the Constitution shall not be enforceable by any court of law. However, it is important to note that even though the DPSP is not justiciable by the court, it is justiciable by itself. This was reiterated in the case of <a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/784921\/\">Air India Statutory Corporation v. United Labour Union &amp; Ors<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">In conclusion, DPSP is considered to be fundamental in the governance of the country. Dr. Ambedkar referred to these principles as the novel features of the Constitution because of their non-enforceability. It is important to note that DPSP being non-enforceable does not make it useless as it provides guidelines to achieve the concept of welfare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The author has explained the meaning of Directive Principles of State Policy, often termed as DPSP. Introduction The Constitution of India provided certain guidelines for the State to follow to protect its citizens. It mentions the responsibility of the State to its citizens and that is called as Directive Principles of State Policy (Hereinafter \u201cDPSP\u201d). [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":189,"featured_media":9396,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[101,704],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Explained: DPSP | Directive Principles of State Policy - LexForti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The author has explained the meaning of Directive Principles of State Policy, often termed as DPSP. 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